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GLOSSARY of TERMS
Additive Primary Colors:
Red, green, and blue are referred to as additive primary colors
because the three lights of these
colors added together make white light.
Basis Weight:
Identifies papers (in the U.S.) by their weight in pounds of a ream
(500 sheets) on the basic
size for that grade (25” x 38” for offset papers).
Bleed:
The extra amount of printed image that extends beyond the trim edge
of the sheet.
Caliper:
The thickness of paper, usually expressed in thousandths of an inch
(mils).
Carry Over:
An unwanted line that can show up during a print job.
Coated Papers:
Papers containing a layer of clay or pigment in combination with an
adhesive that is applied to
the surface of the paper.
Corrugated:
A sheet of medium softened with steam and pressed into wave shapes
known as flutes. Used
in construction of standees, temporary displays, graphic packaging,
and shippers.
Cyan:
The result of subtracting red from white light. A combination of
blue and green. One of the
subtractive primary colors.
Die Cutting:
Involves the use of a steel ruled die, which is a specially designed
form that will cut multiple
copies of custom shapes from various materials.
Dobber:
A printed mark that bleeds off the end of a printed and fabricated
box that serves as a quality
tool to note any variation in carton orientation and to avoid mixed
product.
Double Face:
Has facings on either side of the corrugated medium. Most common
form of corrugated medium
used at
InnoMark.
Double Oiling:
Process used to prevent the appearance of Newton rings in scanning.
Involves applying mineral
oil to both sides of a transparency and covering it with a piece of
acetate material.
Double Wall:
Structure formed by three flat facings and two intermediate
corrugated mediums. Ideal for
packaging difficult and heavy products.
Drop Shipment:
Timed shipping of small batches of a large order or simultaneous
shipping to multiple
destinations.
Drop Testing:
A series of tests done to a container or shipping box to see if
damage occurs to its contents.
Dry Erase Films:
Films designed to be written on with specially formulated markers
and wiped clean.
Ejection Rubbers:
Placed around the design on both sides of the rule for the purpose
of pushing the product
off the rule. Soft gray rubber is mainly used for projects involving
corrugated board while the
firm red rubber is used for lighter materials such as 24-point.
Energy Cured Inks:
See UV Cured Inks.
Epic Coater:
Coating system is an integral part of the printing unit and can coat
only from the plate
cylinder.
Film Transparencies:
Color slides also known as positive film. Light passes through the
film to produce an image.
Flexographic Ink:
Fast-drying fluid ink.
Fluorescent Ink:
Naturally bright inks that reflect and emit light making use of UV
light waves, which other
inks cannot take advantage of.
Fome-Cor®:
Consist of 11-point SBS paper liners laminated to an extruded
polystyrene center. Popular
for retail signage.
Gatorboard®:
Similar to Fome-Cor with a polystyrene core. Has wood fiber veneer
in place of 11-point
paper liners.
Ghosting:
An unwanted ink image resulting from a solid being knocked out.
Heat-Set Adhesives:
Similar to - and often confused with - thermal adhesives. Different
from thermal films because
of their protective release liner, shorter cooling period, and lower
heat-activation range. Also
known as lo-melt adhesives.
K.D. Display:
Acronym for “knocked down” display. A display that is shipped
partially assembled for reasons
of economy in shipping, storage or actual production. A “ K.D.”
Display is assembled at the spot
where the display is to stand.
Linerboard:
Paperboard used for the flat facing in corrugated fiberboard and
also as the outer plies of solid
fiberboard.
Lo-Melt Adhesives:
See Heat-Set Adhesives.
Long Inks:
Flow well and form long filaments. Undesirable on high-speed presses
because of a tendency
to fly or mist.
Magenta:
The result of subtracting green from white light. A combination of
red and blue. One of the
subtractive primary colors.
Magnetic Backing Films:
Films whose purpose is to create a magnetic surface under the
graphic for the purpose of
attaching magnetic icons for trial exhibits and interactive
presentations.
Medium:
The corrugated fluting between liners (the wavy inside of a
corrugated sandwich).
Memory Fome-Cor:
Fome-Cor that returns to its natural straight edge after finishing
activities are complete.
Metallic Ink:
Uses powders such as aluminum and bronze with a varnish base - to
produce images with luster.
Newton Rings:
Tiny rainbows that appear (during scanning) when there is nothing
between the transparency
and the drum. They are an undesirable feature of a scan and may be
prevented by the
application of powder to the transparency or by double oiling.
Non-Memory Fome-Cor:
Fome-Cor with edges that maintain any type of “pillowed” effect
impressed during finishing
activities.
Opaque:
Impenetrable by light.
Pre-Pack:
A display designed to be packed with merchandise by the advertiser
and shipped as a unit.
A more refined version of a shipper display. This type of display is
often favored by retail
management because little time is required to assemble the display
in the market, and little
or no handling of the product is required.
Pressure Sensitive Adhesive:
Applied using pressure and does not require heat activation. Less
demanding in terms of
application equipment, more aggressive than thermal or heat-set
adhesives. Also known as
cold laminates.
Process Color:
Four ink colors - Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black (CMYK) - which
when printed in sequence,
one over the other, give the effect of continuous tone natural
color.
Prototype:
Original model usually made for demonstration or performance
testing. Final products are
often based on a modified or improved prototype.
Quick-Setting Sheetfed Ink:
Paper surface or coating quickly drains some of the solvents from
the ink, yielding a film that
sets rapidly and permits handling.
Reflective Art:
A color print of an image.
Remote Director:
Software program that allows the Mac Department to send soft proofs
(instead of hard copies)
to clients for color approval.
Resolution:
The amount of data in a given space. May be expressed in different
units, such as pixels per
inch. Higher resolution means that there is more information (dots)
included in the given
amount of space (usually an inch).
Screen Printing Ink:
Usually of the drying oil or resin solvent types and have the
consistency of thick paint.
Short Inks:
Have the consistency of butter with poor flow properties. Tendency
to pile on the rollers,
plate, or blanket.
Single Face:
Consists of one layer of corrugated medium bonded to a single layer
of linerboard. Principally
used for wrapping and interpacking.
Soft Proofs:
Proofs available for customer approval by means of software and a
computer screen. Different
from a hard proof, which uses paper or other tangible substrates to
allow clients to view and
correct.
Subtractive Primary Colors:
The color combinations that result from subtracting additive primary
colors from white light.
Cyan, Magenta, Yellow (CMY).
Tack:
The stickiness of the ink, or the force required to split an ink
film between two surfaces.
Test Store:
A retail unit where product sales tests are made to determine buying
and merchandising
practices.
Thermal Adhesives:
Activated by heat and applied by pressure. Bonding to the substrate
is achieved during the
cooling process.
Tower Coater:
Retractable plate coater that coats from either the blanket or plate
cylinder. May be removed
from the unit.
Translucency:
Transmitting light but diffusing it sufficiently to cause image to
be blurred. Trapping: The
overlapping of multiple colors in the electronic file for a design
to prevent the colors separating
and not touching as a result of registration variables during
printing.
Triple Wall:
Constructed with four flat facings and three immediate corrugated
members. Ideal for large or
heavy jobs that require exceptional strength.
U.V. Curing:
Contain initiators, which on exposure to intensive UV radiation
release free radicals that
instantly polymerize the vehicle to a dry, tough thermosetting
resin. Allows for faster curing
times.
Valuboard®:
High-quality yet cost effective substitute for Fome-Cor in
point-of-purchase signage and
displays. Faced with two natural colored kraft liners. Same extruded
core as Fome-Cor.
Varnish:
Substance used as a coating over the printing to improve the gloss
and protect the image.
Viscosity:
A measure of the flow characteristics of soft or fluid inks.
Yellow:
The result of subtracting blue from white light. A combination of
red and green. One of the
subtractive primary colors.
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